Online Health Awareness Talk

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��What Happens When You Drink Too Much Water?


When you drink too much water, you may experience water poisoning, intoxication, or a disruption of brain function. This happens when there's too much water in the cells (including brain cells), causing them to swell. When the cells in the brain swell they cause pressure in the brain. You may start experiencing things like confusion, drowsiness, and headaches. If this pressure increases it could cause conditions like hypertension (High Blood Pressure) and bradycardia (Low Heart Rate).

Sodium is the electrolyte most affected by overhydration, leading to a condition called hyponatremia. Sodium is a crucial element that helps keep the balance of fluids in and out of cells. When its levels drop due to a high amount of water in the body, fluids get inside the cells. Then the cells swell, putting you at risk of having seizures, going into a coma, or even dying.

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WHY is blood taken from the ring finger?
 
The fingertips are easily accessible, hairless, rich in blood vessels, easy to disinfect, and even squeeze if necessary. The skin on the ring finger is thinner than on the thumb, index and middle finger, and contains fewer nerve endings, including pain receptors.
 
The little finger, on the other hand, is closely connected to the wrist, so if an infection is introduced into a wound on the little finger, it can spread to the bend of the wrist!

@Health

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💸 The top 10 Most expensive drugs and their cost based on length of therapy  are:

1. Zolgensma - $2,125,000
2. Zokivny - $1,032,480
3. Danyelza - $977,664
4. Myalept - $889,904
5. Luxturna - $850,000
6. Folotyn - $793,870
7. Brineura - $730,340
8. Blincynto - $712,672
9. Ravicti - $695,970
10. Soliris - $678,392

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Top 25 medical terms to know

1. Benign: Not cancerous

2. Malignant: Cancerous

3. Anti-inflammatory: Reduces swelling, pain, and soreness (such as ibuprofen or naproxen)

4. Body Mass Index (BMI): Body fat measurement based on height and weight

5. Biopsy: A tissue sample for testing purposes

6. Hypotension: Low blood pressure

7. Hypertension: High blood pressure

8. Lesion: Wound, sore, or cut

9. Noninvasive: Doesn't require entering the body with instruments; usually simple

10. Outpatient: Check in and check out the same day

11. Inpatient: Plan to stay overnight for one or more days

12. In remission: Disease is not getting worse; not to be confused with being cured

13. Membrane: Thin layer of pliable tissue that serves as a covering or lining or connection between two structures

14. Acute: Sudden but usually short (e.g., acute illness)

15. Angina: Pain in the chest related to the heart that comes and goes

16. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Heartburn

17. Cellulitis: Inflamed or infected tissue beneath the skin

18. Epidermis: Outermost layer of skin

19. Neutrophils: Most common type of white blood cell

20. Edema: Swelling

21. Embolism: Blood clot

22. Sutures: Stitches

23. Polyp: Mass or growth of thin tissue

24. Compound fracture: Broken bone that protrudes through the skin

25. Comminuted fracture: Broken bone that shatters into many pieces

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🧂 Health checks for diabetes

Tests for diabetes include a fasting blood sugar level test, which measures the amount of glucose in the blood after fasting (not eating for an amount of time). It is usually done before you have breakfast. Depending on your risk level, you will need to be tested annually or once every three years. 

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🫀 Health checks for your heart:-

To stay healthy and Early detect a upcoming health issue you need to do preventive checkups.

Blood pressure – have your blood pressure checked every two years if it is normal, you are aged under 40 years, and there is no family history of high blood pressure. Have it checked yearly if you are over 40, your blood pressure is on the high side, or you have a personal or family history of high blood pressure, stroke or heart attack. Be advised by your doctor. 

Blood tests – check cholesterol levels and blood triglycerides, among other things. High levels may indicate an increased risk of various health problems, including heart disease. If you are over 45, you should have these blood tests once every five years. If you are at high risk of heart disease and have a family history, you should be tested every year from the age of 40. 

Electrocardiogram (ECG) – this is a non-invasive and painless medical test that detects cardiac (heart) abnormalities by measuring the electrical activity generated by the heart as it contracts.

Obesity tests – being overweight is a significant risk factor for many health conditions, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Ask your doctor to check your body mass index (BMI) and waist measurement every two years. If you are at a higher risk, you should have your weight checked more frequently. 

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👃 Pneumonia


Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. Symptoms typically include some combination of productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever and difficulty breathing. The severity of the condition is variable.
Pneumonia is usually caused by infection with viruses or bacteria, and less commonly by other microorganisms. Identifying the responsible pathogen can be difficult. Diagnosis is often based on symptoms and physical examination. Chest X-rays, blood tests, and culture of the sputum may help confirm the diagnosis. The disease may be classified by where it was acquired, such as community- or hospital-acquired or healthcare-associated pneumonia.

Risk factors for pneumonia include cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), sickle cell disease, asthma, diabetes, heart failure, a history of smoking, a poor ability to cough and a weak immune system.

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How Many Types Of Injections Are There?



Intramuscular injections:

For injections into muscle tissue, 5-10 milliliter syringes with 6-8 centimeter needles are used or longer for oil-based solutions in order to penetrate deeply. Drugs that are injected by intramuscular injection act more quickly than ones taken orally: the injection is done into muscle tissue that's rich in blood vessels in which to circulate the drug in the blood.

Intradermal injections:

Intradermal injections, or ones which don't go below the dermis, are used for vaccinations. They also help to discover if you have allergies via tests for sensitivity to allergens and they provoke useful intradermal reactions when diagnosing diseases like tuberculosis and brucellosis. What's needed to do them? Maximum 1 milliliter syringes for slow-release drugs with short needles up to 1.5 centimeters.

Subcutaneous injections:

This type of injection is done with a short and fine small needle (1.5 -2 centimeters) and a 2 or 2.5 milliliter syringe. It's recommended for all those substances that need to be absorbed very slowly. A couple of examples? Morphine and atropine. You administer it by inserting the needle almost parallel to the skin until you reach the subcutaneous tissue and that's where the liquid is deposited.

Endovenous injections:

This is a technique where a substance is introduced directly into the circulatory system with a needle inserted into an easily accessible vein: usually these are just below the crook of the elbow or in the lower arm. The main benefit of endovenous injection is that the drug gets administered right into the vein, so any issues of absorption are overcome.

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Sweat itself has no odor, but when combined with bacteria and contained in a dark and moist environment, like an armpit, it gives the bacteria a power boost. The medical term for body odor is bromhidrosis.

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👨�⚕ Things To Keep In First Aid Box.

🧼1. An antiseptic
To remove any dirt and debris and prevent infection after a minor injury.

🩹2. Adhesive bandage
Accidents happen. Even if you aren't someone who bumps into things all the time, or have kids, waterproof Band-aids or Hansaplast can come in quite handy in a variety of situations. Case in point: shoe bite.
The bandage will prevent your clothes (or shoes) from rubbing against your wound and keep it dry at the same time.

🤕3. Gauze dressing :- Yes, they are a bit old-fashioned. But they're just as versatile as they were in your parents' time.

🩹4. Crêpe bandages :- For sprains and sympathy.

🧷5. Safety pins:-  Two reasons: safety pins are versatile - they come in handy for wardrobe emergencies, too; and when you break the clasp on your crêpe bandage, you'll need a safety pin to keep the bandage in place.

〰6. 👨�⚕ Things To Keep In First Aid Box. 💉🥡

🧼1. An antiseptic
To remove any dirt and debris and prevent
 infection after a minor injury.


🩹2. Adhesive bandage
Accidents happen. Even if you aren't someone who bumps into things all the time, or have kids, waterproof Band-aids or Hansaplast can come in quite handy in a variety of situations. Case in point: shoe bite.
The bandage will prevent your clothes (or shoes) from rubbing against your wound and keep it dry at the same time.


🤕3. Gauze dressing :- Yes, they are a bit old-fashioned. But they're just as versatile as they were in your parents' time.


🩹4. Crêpe bandages :- For sprains and sympathy.


🧷5. Safety pins:-  Two reasons: safety pins are versatile - they come in handy for wardrobe emergencies, too; and when you break the clasp on your crêpe bandage, you'll need a safety pin to keep the bandage in place.


〰6. Tweezers :- Don't go trying to remove a splinter with that safety pin, now. Use tweezers. And if it looks like the splinter is in too deep, don't try to remove it yourself, go to a doctor. A good pair can help you get those eyebrows looking on fleek. 


✂7. Scissors :- This one's self-explanatory, we think. Just be careful not to cut yourself. And maybe get a babyproof one if you have young children in the house - gauze isn't that hard to cut.


🏐8. Cotton balls and cutips :- Make sure to put them in a clean box within your first-aid box. You won't be doing anyone any favours by using dirty cotton.


🌡9. A thermometer :- Because you can't always use the back of your hand to tell when you're running a temperature. If you have babies at home, this one's a must.


🦟10. Mosquito patch or cream or spray :- To keep five things at bay: dengue, malaria, chikungunya, itchy bites and sleepless nights.


🧴11. Antiseptic cream:- For cuts and scrapes that don't need a bandage. Apply, and forget.


💊12. Painkillers :- Worldwide, headaches and backaches are among the most common reasons why people miss a day of work - keep an appropriate medicine or spray handy.


💈13. Pain reliever spray, gel or balm :-
Pain can get in the way of a good night's sleep. For muscle sprain and back pain, pain reliever spray, gel or balm can ease the discomfort immediately. Yes, you need the spray as well as the painkiller medicine.


💊14. Antihistamines:- To stop the sniffles if you've got allergies, as well as for any allergies you haven't discovered yet.


💊15. Paracetamol:-  Be sure to stock up on baby paracetamol if you have kids. 
Regular paracetamol is also a mild painkiller.


💊16. Antacid:- Indigestion is more common - and uncomfortable - than anyone would like. A sachet of Eno, a Digene tablet or antacid syrup can help if you're at a pinch. Don't make a habit of it, though. Antacids can harm the kidneys.


🧼17. Eyewash or artificial tears:-
In case your eyes feel gritty or dry after a whole day of looking at the computer screen or because of the polluted air.


🩹18. Pad and/or tampons :-
Just for emergencies, and there are many when it comes to periods. Keep a few pads handy, until you can get to a drugstore. 


🦷19. Gel for ulcers and toothache:-
A toothache can hit at any time, without any warning or provocation. 


🍼20. Hot water bottle 
Not every pain demands to be dealt with pills. Keep a hot water bottle handy for milder aches.


😷21. Air-pollution masks
For when the air turns foul again. The simple, inexpensive N-95 or N-99 mask will do. Either will keep most of the particulate matter in the air out of your lungs.


 Share with Others. :- Don't go trying to remove a splinter with that safety pin, now. Use tweezers. And if it looks like the splinter is in too deep, don't try to remove it yourself, go to a doctor. A good pair can help you get those eyebrows looking on fleek. 

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🦟What Eats Mosquitoes?

As mosquitoes are most dangerous insects, Here is list of some hunters of them. @Health

🐤Birds: Many birds will eat mosquitoes. The more important among these are purple martins, swallows, waterfowl (geese, terns, ducks) and migratory songbirds. Bird predators usually eat both the adult and aquatic stages of mosquitoes.


🐠 🦟What Eats Mosquitoes?
As mosquitoes are most dangerous insects, Here is list of some hunters of them. @Health

🐤Birds: Many birds will eat mosquitoes. The more important among these are purple martins, swallows, waterfowl (geese, terns, ducks) and migratory songbirds. Bird predators usually eat both the adult and aquatic stages of mosquitoes.



🐠 Fish:- Goldfish, guppies, bass, bluegill and catfish prey on mosquito larvae. But the most important fish predator, by far, is the Gambusia affinis, commonly known as the mosquito fish. This is probably the most effective predator of mosquito larvae and is used by many mosquito control agencies to augment their control efforts.


🐸 Frogs and Tadpoles:- Most adult frogs and tadpoles do not include mosquitoes as a large part of their diet. Tadpoles infrequently feed on mosquito larvae and instead generally feed on small, suspended particles of plant-related materials. However, mosquito larvae predation is known for three species of North American tadpoles – the spade foot toad, green tree frog and giant tree frog. While not a direct act of predation, tadpoles may compete with mosquito larvae for food.


🐢 Turtles:- The red-eared slider turtle is generally thought to be the most voracious turtle that feeds on mosquito larvae.


🐲 Dragonflies:- Dragonflies are often referred to as "mosquito hawks." Though they do eat mosquitoes, they do not eat enough mosquitoes to do much harm to wild populations. One feature that favors dragonflies as mosquito predators is that in the dragonflies' aquatic stage, most of its food consists of mosquito larvae.


🦟 Predacious mosquitoes:- Some mosquitoes prey on other mosquitoes. The most notable being the predatory mosquitoes in the genus Toxorhynchites. These mosquitoes provide a double benefit since the larvae are predacious on other mosquito larvae and the adults are not known to transmit disease.


🕸 Spiders:-  become mosquito predators when a mosquito inadvertently flies into a spider's web where it is encased and eaten.




Join Channel :- Goldfish, guppies, bass, bluegill and catfish prey on mosquito larvae. But the most important fish predator, by far, is the Gambusia affinis, commonly known as the mosquito fish. This is probably the most effective predator of mosquito larvae and is used by many mosquito control agencies to augment their control efforts.

🐸 Frogs and Tadpoles:- Most adult frogs and tadpoles do not include mosquitoes as a large part of their diet. Tadpoles infrequently feed on mosquito larvae and instead generally feed on small, suspended particles of plant-related materials. However, mosquito larvae predation is known for three species of North American tadpoles – the spade foot toad, green tree frog and giant tree frog. While not a direct act of predation, tadpoles may compete with mosquito larvae for food.

🐢 Turtles:- The red-eared slider turtle is generally thought to be the most voracious turtle that feeds on mosquito larvae.

🐲 Dragonflies:- Dragonflies are often referred to as "mosquito hawks." Though they do eat mosquitoes, they do not eat enough mosquitoes to do much harm to wild populations. One feature that favors dragonflies as mosquito predators is that in the dragonflies' aquatic stage, most of its food consists of mosquito larvae.

🦟 Predacious mosquitoes:- Some mosquitoes prey on other mosquitoes. The most notable being the predatory mosquitoes in the genus Toxorhynchites. These mosquitoes provide a double benefit since the larvae are predacious on other mosquito larvae and the adults are not known to transmit disease.

🕸 Spiders:-  become mosquito predators when a mosquito inadvertently flies into a spider's web where it is encased and eaten.

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🫀A heart can beat on its own :-

The heart does not need a brain, or a body for that matter, to keep beating. The heart has its own electrical system that causes it to beat and pump blood. Because of this, the heart can continue to beat for a short time after brain death, or after being removed from the body. The heart will keep beating as long as it has oxygen.

🫀 @Health 🫀

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Malaria Cause, Symptoms & Treatment.

Facts About Malaria:-
🔸2019, there were an estimated 229 million cases of malaria worldwide.

🔹The estimated number of malaria deaths stood at 4,09,000 in 2019.

🔸Children aged under 5 years are the most vulnerable group affected by malaria; in 2019, they accounted for 67% (2,74,000) of all malaria deaths worldwide.

🔹The WHO African Region carries a disproportionately high share of the global malaria burden. In 2019, the region was home to 94% of malaria cases and deaths.

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Appendix Removal

Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a finger-shaped pouch that projects from your colon on the lower right side of your abdomen.

Appendicitis causes pain in your lower right abdomen. However, in most people, pain begins around the navel and then moves. As inflammation worsens, appendicitis pain typically increases and eventually becomes severe.

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CACHEXIA

Cachexia is a "wasting" disorder that causes extreme weight loss and muscle wasting, and can include loss of body fat. This syndrome affects people who are in the late stages of serious diseases like cancer, HIV or AIDS, COPD, kidney disease, and congestive heart failure (CHF).
 

The difference between cachexia and other types of weight loss is that it's involuntary. People who develop it don't lose weight because they're trying to trim down with diet or exercise
 
SYMPTOMS :
Cachexia seems to be more common in people with lung cancer or with cancers anywhere in the digestive system. The main symptoms are:

✅severe weight loss, including loss of fat and muscle mass
✅loss of appetite
anaemia (low red blood cells)
✅weakness and fatigue
 
STAGES:
There are three stages of cachexia—precachexia, cachexia, and refractory cachexia. Not all people will progress through all three stages. Your risk of progression depends on your tumor type and stage, amount of weight loss, presence of inflammation, and severity of anorexia.
 
CAUSES :
A number of factors contribute to cachexia, including the levels of these substances, the conditions that cause them, and the reaction they provoke from the body.
These substances interact with each other and lead to cachexia through several pathways, including:

✅Increasing metabolism and the spending of energy
✅Causing inflammation
✅Increasing the breakdown of muscle
✅Preventing muscle growth
 
COMPLICATIONS :
Complications of cachexia include:

✅Diminished quality of life and loss of the ability to live independently
✅Impaired response to treatments
✅Reduced immunity
✅Escalating symptoms of the underlying chronic condition
✅A reduced life expectancy from the underlying disease
 
TREATMENT :
There is no specific treatment or way to reverse cachexia. The goal of treatment is to improve symptoms and quality of life.

Current therapy for cachexia includes:

✅appetite stimulants such as megestrol acetate (Megace)
drugs, such as dronabinol (Marinol), to improve nausea, appetite, and mood
✅medications that decrease inflammation
✅diet changes, nutritional supplements
✅adapted exercise

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